Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code is one among the large and complex system of laws, policies, and practices aimed at mitigating the threat of homosexuality. This statute endangers a range of subjects, including religious minorities, who are troublingly considered prone to same-sex behavior. In Sexual States, Jyoti Puri tracks the efforts to decriminalize homosexuality and to show that the regulation of sexuality is fundamentally tied to the enduring existence of the state in order to understand how Section 377 is governed. Through extensive fieldwork among state institutions, she finds that the law and state agencies such as the police are pre-occupied with managing sexuality and its perceived threat to the social order. Equally interested in efforts to modify Section 377, this book draws on encounters with sexuality rights activists to highlight the approaches and strategies that have evolved over the course of their struggle. Sexual States also discusses the shutting down of dance bars, modifications in rape laws, and efforts to curtail migration from Bangladesh to show that regulating sexuality more generally helps uphold regional and national states as inevitable, legitimate, and indispensable. By highlighting the heterogeneous sexual states in the Indian context, Puri provides a framework to understand the links between sexuality and the state.