Three Essays on the Mahabharata investigates what the Mahabharata and the Gita mean today, how that meaning has been constituted, and how it is exploited to fashion the practice of everyday Indian politics. Treating these hallowed texts as ?pre-texts? to gain a more nuanced understanding of India?s colonial and pre-colonial discourses on the meaning of the Indian ?essence?, the author underscores that the forty-seventh verse of the second chapter of the Gita (Gita 2.47?ma phale?u kadacana) is now unanimously accepted as the kernel verse. By situating pre-modern commentaries on 2.47 with modern commentaries on and translations of the same, the author demonstrates that a series of conceptual shifts have accompanied the process of consecrating the verse to the highest rank. Together, the three essays in this book deal with: The political ramifications of both the form and the content of Gita 2.47 through nineteenth and twentieth-century commentaries on and translations of the Gita; The style of narration of the Mahabharata War, and the significance of the disquiet expressed by several modern commentators; The ethical significance of the term An??amsaya (?non-cruelty? / ?leniency?), which functions as a middle term between ?violence? and ?non-violence? in the Mahabharata, and the long shadow it casts on the question of ethical propriety in the domain of political practice