This book is a pioneering work on the history and archaeology of Madhepura based on extensive research work expanding over a number of years. It tries to explore, analyze and reconstruct the landscape, history, and settlement and subsistence pattern of Madhepura district and Kosi region in Bihar. The book begins with exploring the question as to why Madhepura is a forgotten land, and attempt to discover as to why it is incredible. Then it moves on to trace out the district?s location, administrative history, and the condition of the people. While reconstructing Madhepura?s landscape, the work traces out the geological formation, topography, physical features, climatic conditions, flora and fauna. This is followed by a description of general history of Madhepura from ancient to modern times, and describes the archaeological and historical sites and remains found during author?s exploration. The authors strongly believe that this work would help in filling up gap in the historical and archaeological knowledge about this marvelous land. It might enlighten the people about the great saga of this long forgotten land and generate some curiosity among people and government to help the area uphold its glorious culture and tradition while not lagging behind in the race of modern development.