The proposed book is the revised version of the final report of an ICSSR- sponsored research project completed in the year 2012. Some new chapters are added to the final report for giving book-shape which will be useful for students pursuing higher studies in environmental sciences. Both theoretical and empirical knowledge of air and vehicular pollution are incorporated in the book. In empirical part of the study, the vehicular pollution is related to the non-technical factors such as socio-economic characteristics of vehicle operators. The study includes the automobile vehicles (2-wheelers, 3-wheelers and 4-wheeler light vehicles) owned or/and operated by people belonging to different socio-economic characteristics of vehicle operators interlinking their vehicular emissions included in the study are family income, occupation, cast status, educational level and pollution awareness of vehicle operators, age of vehicles as possessed by operators, attitude of operators towards maintaining vehicles and so on. The study also includes the discussion on how commercial banks played a crucial role in augmenting vehicular population and thereby, in vehicular pollution in India. The vehicular loan by bank can be used as an economic instrument for controlling vehicular air pollution. The latest statistical methods are used for finding the relationship between vehicular pollution and socioeconomic characteristics of vehicle operators. A new model as we call it ‘Policy Switchover Analysis’ is adopted for finding some feasible policy measures towards minimization of vehicular emissions. On the basis of empirical findings, some important policy measures are being suggested in order to minimize vehicular pollution in Indian cities. The theoretical part of the book includes many technical and economic aspects of air and vehicular pollution such as composition of air pollution, economic characteristics of air, sources of air pollution, industrialization, urbanization and air pollution, impact of air pollution on health, agriculture and environment, transboundary air pollution and game theory, air pollution in India, contribution of automobile vehicle to air pollution, causes of vehicular pollution, social costs and social benefits of automobile transport, social benefits and social benefits and social costs of vehicular emission control, growth of motor vehicles and vehicular emissions, fuel demand, leisure, tourism and demand for travel, and so on. A separate chapter on Air Quality and Vehicular Emissions: A Comparative Study between India and Uttar Pradesh is included in the book. Contents - 1. Introduction 2. Economics of Air and Air Pollution 3. Vehicular Air Pollution and Related Economic Theories 4. Air Quality and Vehicular Emissions: A Comparative Study between India and Uttar Pradesh 5. Review of Literature, Objectives, Methodology and Hypotheses 6. Overall Scenario of Air Quality, Vehicles, Roads, Traffic Systems and Vehicular Pollution in Kanpur City 7. Inmpact of Air Pollution and Socio-economic Profile of Vehicle Operationg Households 8. Household Vehicles and their Emission Levels 9. Emission of Vehicles Entering City from Outside 10. Nexus between Socio-economic Factors on Vehicular Pollution and Probability of Emission Control 11. Overall IMpact of Socio-economic Factors on Vehicular Pollution and Probability of Emission Control 12. Feasible Policy Options for Vehicular Emission Control 13. Banks' Vehicular Loan as an Instrument for Emission Control 14. Conclusion and Suggestion Annexure I Questionnaire for the Household Vehicular Survey Annexure II Questionnarire for the On-road Vehicular Survey Annexure III Questionnaire for the Bank Survey