Environment & Human beings are interdependent on each other. But Environmental problems are innumerable, like air pollution due to industries & automobiles, surface water pollution due to industries, domestic waste and agriculture, ground water pollution due to solid waste, soil pollution due to industries, deforestation and habitat loss due to shifting cultivation, illegal cutting of trees. It is a big challenge to maintain environmental balance along with developmental activities. Sustainable development easy to define but almost impossible to achieve. It is easy to have sustainable utilization of the renewable resources but it is impossible for the non renewable resources. Development & Environment are said to be contradictory to each other, however the bad effect of developmental process can be regulates to a great extent through proper utilization of the Technology. This text book explain in detail various types of water, air and soil pollution. The book also demonstrate the biodiversity of Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh region and provides suggestion to conserve the biodiversity. Some chapters of book have established the utility of plant diversity in different ways such as fuel, microalgae as a source of future source of biofuel, weeds can be utilized as medicine, antimicrobial activity of Tulsi plant etc. Some chapters of book explains Laws Legislation related to environment and suggestion to protect environment. This book captures the complexity and dynamics of environmental problems & development and seeking to understand this important contemporary issue.