The book primarily discusses diversification of ethnos especially Kazakhs and Russians who are living together in Kazakhstan since the 18thcentury. The arrival of Russians and other Europeans in Kazakhstan and Central Asia made it heterogeneously populated area that created diversifications in their culture, social patterns, living standards and even in economic living. Religiously they got divided between Muslims and non-Muslims, politically as natives and non-natives, ethnically Turks and Slavs, thus making the region bi-polar. Sovietisation brought more Slavs to Kazakhstan either on account of punishments or apprehending their doubtfulness for Soviet cause (either in World War II or during Collectivisation) or else to allow them economic benefits–all this was leading the rulers to deconstruct history and religion. The post Soviet space is dismantling the erstwhile Soviet culture and innovated history and in Kazakhstan also such things have happened. More than 130 nationalities living there are witness to what the state aims in the post Soviet period whereupon diversification of ethnos has to subscribe to the unity of the independent country who all possess the nationality of this state. The book has been written as an attempt to find out the situation existing in the country vis-à-vis the ethnic harmony / tensions and the role being played by the state and her people in this direction.Our study, based on both field observation and historical documentation of socio-cultural dimensions of the prime ethnos. This book is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is a brief outline of the history and culture of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. In the sequel chapter two, political and constitutional developments in the state has been discussed with main focus on the commencement and growth of Kashmir Problem. The chapter third is dedicated to the impact of the (Kashmir) Conflict on the lives of the common masses of the state. The fourth chapter throws some light on the geography. The last chapter of the book is about the economy of the Jammu and Kashmir state and various sources of living for its people.