Malabar is a crucial place in the Indian Ocean world, but its historical diversity is largely unexplored. Unlike the existing studies that rely heavily on European sources, Malabar in the Indian Ocean calls the attention of researchers to the rich trove of unknown or underutilized indigenous and foreign source materials in different languages, such as Malayalam, Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, and Latin. Looking beyond the economics of the region and using translations of unpublished and rare sources, this volume highlights how the ocean has left a deep impact on the region’s society, culture, religion, and politics, making it an exemplary cosmopolitan place.