Indian Sundarban is blessed with adequate diversity of Small Indigenous Fish Species (SIFS). It is usually believed that integration of those species in the form of commercial culture, along with present carp based production system can increase the overall efficiency of aquaculture production on the one hand, as well as, can provide food and nutritional security to the poor fish farmers on the other. But, despite all efforts and enormous potentials, the production level and productivity are still not adequate to meet the large gap between potential and actual yields of fish. In the present book, attempts have been made to locate the efforts of aquaculture diversification and its effect on efficiency of overall fish production in Sundarban on more secure foundation of data and methodology. In this study, based on primary survey, attempts have been made to examine the structural and operational features of diversified aquaculture practices and to identify the factors which impede the development of fisheries in Indian Sundarbans.