The People’s Republic of China under the leadership of Xi Jinping is undergoing rapid changes at the present time. The nature of these changes was evident during the 19th Party Congress of 2017 and unfolded swiftly thereafter. This volume, produced by a group of 25 China experts of India associated with the Institute of Chinese Studies, offers a detailed examination of Xi Jinping’s initiatives in the context of what was proclaimed as a ‘new era’. The contributions cover several important areas ranging from social and political spheres to diplomatic dimensions. Discussing the leadership style and the reorganisation of the Communist Party structure, especially the Central Committee and the Politbureau, and the ongoing anti-corruption campaign, the authors underline the emerging pattern of centralisation of authority and reversal of Deng Xiaoping’s mode of politics. Xi Jinping’s global strategy, which hinges on programmes such as the Belt and Road Initiative, and adoption of a new approach to regions as resource bases and pursuing the mantra of innovation in all spheres are examined indepth, keeping in view China’s long term, stated ambitions to emerge as a ‘great, modern, strong and prosperous country’ by the mid-21st century. Deeper analysis of the effects of Xi’s policies on the media, workers, women, the environment, ethnic minorities and culture and the deconstruction of Xi Jinping Thought in theoretical and civilizational perspectives are highlights of this work. From a range of vantage points, the authors show that while China at the present turning point has experienced spectacular transformation in almost every sphere, it remains unclear whether the basic issues of our time —namely, the urge for equality, dignity, self-governance and sustainability — have been adequately addressed. The documentation giving relevant information on Party structure and personnel adds further value to the volume. This volume will be of great interest to general readers as well as policy-makers. Students and researchers on China in the fields of Politics, Sociology, Economics, Health Science, Gender Studies, Environment and International Affairs will find it useful for comparative perspectives.