The volume attempts to gauge and analyse the level of denial and deprivation faced by Indian Muslims by evaluating their status after a gap of several years of sachar Committee (2006) and rangnath Mishra Commission (2007) reports. It presents and discusses the current conditions with respect to outcome indicators such as population, education, economy, poverty, unemployment, consumption level, availability of Bank loans, infrastructure and civic facilities and representation in government employment. By placing facts in Perspective, It also discusses community-specific issues such as use of Urdu, madrasa education and Waqf. Responses of various political formations on these reports have been evaluated and presented in a proper sequence to generate a coherent view to ensure implementation. In the post-sachar era, governments started many schemes to improve the condition of Muslims whose reach and impact is assessed with the help of latest data. It presents the social structure of Muslims, presence of Orcs and Dalits and suggests a practical pattern for reservation. It follows up the process of implementation of recommendations of these reports and highlights how the governments adopted tokenism, attempted to implement minor recommendations and shied away from major ones. The volume highlights the lopsided attitude of the previous up a governments, hostile attitude of the present NDA regime and accelerated marginalisation of Muslims in today’s scenario due to open discrimination, mob-violence, lynching and hate crimes in the name of various communal issues. Lastly, a road map on what needs to be done at all levels – state, community and individual has been emphatically suggested in the light of deprivation, marginalization that Muslims in India routinely face. The volume emphasises the need to take concrete steps for inclusive growth and mainstream of all communities.