The book analyses how the sixty-five year old Planning Commission had suddenly been abolished and replaced by National Institution for Transforming India Aayog (NITI Aayog) on 1 January 2015; and how has this institution been shaping in its initial four years. The book discusses the ‘agenda’ and the objectives of NITI Aayog, and certain aspects of its functioning in its initial years. An analysis of some basic information relating to the replacement of the Planning Commission by NITI Aayog obtained under the RTI Act has also been added. The readers may find the book useful.