The objective of the present study is to make an historical, compar ative and critical analysis of the framework of Hindu social reform as proposed by Jotirao Govind Phule (1827-1890), a radical social reformer of nineteenth century Maharashtra, who visualized Hindu society free from Brahmanic hegemony and exploitation. Phule showed extreme concern for the suppressed sections of Hindu soci ety and started a crusade against 'Brahmanism' and the 'slavery' it imposed upon the Shudras, Atishudras and women for centuries. It is pertinent to note here that while inscribing his famous historical work, Who were the Shudras, to the memory of Mahatma Phule, Dr. Bsbasaheb Ambedkar (1891-1956), the chief architect of Indian Constitution and another champion of the weaker sections in modern India, describes him as