The book is an exemplary representation of interdisciplinary research with industrial and societal relevance. The chapters represent advances in various sub-disciplines of Biotechnology with special focus on biological synthesis of industrial compounds, value added products from waste, genetic engineering for novel biomolecules, bioremediation, biofuels and medicinal compounds. The chapters of this book are contributed by eminent academicians and researchers across the globe. The book can be used as a reference book as well as a textbook. Each chapter is well illustrated with relevant figures, tables and references which make the book simple and self-explanatory. Contents: 1. Synthetic Potential of Cell Bound Glycosylhydrolases in Alkyl Glycoside and Oligosaccharide Synthesis. 2. Biofuels and Value-added Products from Extremophiles. 3. Bioproducts from Residual Lignocellulosic Biomass. 4. Value-addition to Agro-industrial By-products. 5. Multi-drug Resistance in Vibrios-Never Underestimate Bacteria. 6. Anticancer Activity of Therapeutic Agents Conjugated with Metal Nanoparticles. 7. The Relation Between the Actinobacterial Succession and Microbial Safety in Aerobic Waste Treatment (Composting). 8. Biorefinery Applications Through Catalytic Hydrogenation of Platform Molecules. 9. Use of Anaerobic Soil Microbes in Biodegradation of Explosive Chemicals. 10. Bacterial Degradation of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Detergents. 11. 14C-Labeled Lactose Uptake Rate by Kefir during Whey Fermentation, in the Presence of Promoters. 12. Microbial Biopolymers for Edible Film and Coating Applications. 13. Data Mining and Bioprospecting: In Pursuit of More Efficient Enantioselective Hydantoinases for the Synthesis of Optically Pure Amino Acids. Index.